The amazing acceptance of the variety of media that facilitate communication moments in a communication process is taken as a starting point for this study.note 18 I will not use the term 'virtual' hereafter since it suggests a different form of reality which may be appropriate to some narrative environments, as are created in videogames, but it does not pay heed to the way people integrate physical and non-physical moments of communication in the communication processes upon which social relationships are based. Apparently, people will quite easily accept a variety of mediated presences, and also the implied absences. The understanding of the pattern of presence and absence qualifies their relationship.note 19
A trajectory exists from being a non-user to being a user of new technologies. Frustrating as this can be, once this has occurred the new models of communication are accepted as being part of communication processes and are allowed to affect relationships between people. Yet at the same time, some people refuse to accept such mediated presence at all and some people refrain from using certain technologies after having used them for a while. Thus presence is a phenomenon that can be accepted in mediated form, but mediated presence can also be refused because of the fact that it is mediated. Apparently, the 'presence' of the other person and the 'presence' of one self can be mediated in such a way that it is accepted or refused in functioning as 'real' presence. In technology development attention is directed towards users of technology, while the environment of non-users may be affected deeply because of the implementation of these technologies (Wyatt 2003). Even when one is a non-user of certain technologies, even when one refuses to accept certain mediated presences, if they are implemented and accepted in the environment in which one operates, one has to deal with them.
Presence is a phenomenon that is studied more and more because technology facilitates the mediation of presence ever more effectively. Even though I realize that communication processes can be characterized as patterns of presence and absence, I will focus here on presence. Presence and absence are related to one another. There can be no absence if there has not been presence and vice versa. Between presence and absence, presence is the qualifying factor. And because it is the qualifying factor, presence is at the heart of the research carried out here. The dynamics of absence may also be quite different than the dynamics of presence. The fact that absence exists in relation to presence is taken as given and not elaborated upon in this study. Nor do I elaborate upon possible transitional states between presence and absence. In this chapter, I will gather a variety of building blocks for thought about the phenomenon of presence.
